1 Introduction and History
نویسنده
چکیده
The history of RIPs, especially the toxic ones, has been well reviewed recently. This present chapter will summarize the research steps that in the last 40 years have led to significant advancements in the knowledge of these proteins, of their mechanism of action, and of their possible practical applications in medicine and in agriculture. Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs), initially discovered in higher plants, have been the subject of numerous studies (reviews by Van Damme, Nielsen, Hartley, Girbés, Stirpe, 7 Ng, and Puri). More than 50 RIPs have been identified and purified, but it has become clear that they can, in some circumstances, be expressed in many plants and other organisms in which they have not been detected because of assay sensitivity or other reasons. Thus, they must have an important function to justify their persistence throughout the evolution of proteins, which are an expensive material to make. Furthermore, it is becoming more and more apparent that important uses of RIPs can be envisaged.
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